ZFS snapshots
- Voir espace utilisé :
[root@nas /ZP_dataM1/ovh]# zfs list -o space
- Cleaner des snapshots
[root@nas /ZP_dataM1/ovh]# zfs list -t snap |grep ovh |tail -4 ZP_dataM2/ovh@zfs-auto-snap_weekly-2015-11-28-10h30 16.2M - 129G - ZP_dataM2/ovh@zfs-auto-snap_weekly-2015-11-29-10h30 644M - 128G - ZP_dataM2/ovh@zfs-auto-snap_daily-2015-11-30-08h30 0 - 128G - ZP_dataM2/ovh@zfs-auto-snap_weekly-2015-11-30-10h30 0 - 128G -
[root@nas /ZP_dataM1/ovh]# zfs destroy ZP_dataM2/ovh@zfs-auto-snap_weekly-2015-11-30-10h30
Infos disques + perfs
[root@freebsdVM ~]# diskinfo -ctv da2
da2
512 # sectorsize
8589934592 # mediasize in bytes (8.0G)
16777216 # mediasize in sectors
0 # stripesize
0 # stripeoffset
1044 # Cylinders according to firmware.
255 # Heads according to firmware.
63 # Sectors according to firmware.
# Disk ident.
I/O command overhead:
time to read 10MB block 0.089807 sec = 0.004 msec/sector
time to read 20480 sectors 6.371639 sec = 0.311 msec/sector
calculated command overhead = 0.307 msec/sector
Seek times:
Full stroke: 250 iter in 2.603755 sec = 10.415 msec
Half stroke: 250 iter in 5.275366 sec = 21.101 msec
Quarter stroke: 500 iter in 7.446248 sec = 14.892 msec
Short forward: 400 iter in 3.744817 sec = 9.362 msec
Short backward: 400 iter in 3.695824 sec = 9.240 msec
Seq outer: 2048 iter in 0.680164 sec = 0.332 msec
Seq inner: 2048 iter in 0.904928 sec = 0.442 msec
Transfer rates:
outside: 102400 kbytes in 0.844724 sec = 121223 kbytes/sec
middle: 102400 kbytes in 0.892766 sec = 114700 kbytes/sec
inside: 102400 kbytes in 1.150101 sec = 89036 kbytes/sec
Monter un snap ZFS
zfs list -t snap -r ZP_dataM1/mp3 mount -t zfs ZP_dataM1/mp3@zfs-auto-snap_daily-2015-11-21-08h30 /mnt
gpart (fdisk)
gpart show -l da0 gpart show da0
zpool dégradé
camcontrol rescan all zpool online system /dev/gpt/system1
Install avec zpool mirroré (RAID 1)
⇒ choisir “Shell” lors du step de partitionnement
- Lister les disques
camcontrol devlist
- Création de la table de partition, sur chaque disque :
# gpart create -s gpt da0 # gpart add -b 34 -s 512k -t freebsd-boot -l boot0 da0 # gpart add -s 2G -t freebsd-swap -l swap0 da0 # gpart add -s 10G -t freebsd-zfs -l system0 da0
# gpart create -s gpt da1 # gpart add -b 34 -s 512k -t freebsd-boot -l boot1 ada1 # gpart add -s 2G -t freebsd-swap -l swap1 ada1 # gpart add -s 10G -t freebsd-zfs -l system1 ada1
- Install du bootcode
# gpart bootcode -b /boot/pmbr -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0 # gpart bootcode -b /boot/pmbr -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada1
- Création du zpool
# zpool create -m none -o altroot=/mnt -o cachefile=/var/tmp/zpool.cache \ system mirror /dev/gpt/system0 /dev/gpt/system1 # zfs set mountpoint=/ system
- Création des FS
# zfs create -o compression=on -o setuid=off system/tmp # chmod 1777 /mnt/tmp # zfs create system/usr # zfs create system/usr/home # cd /mnt # ln -s usr/home home # zfs create system/usr/local # zfs create -o compression=on -o setuid=off system/usr/ports # zfs create -o exec=off -o setuid=off system/usr/ports/distfiles # zfs create -o exec=off -o setuid=off system/usr/ports/packages # zfs create system/usr/obj # zfs create -o compression=on -o exec=off -o setuid=off system/usr/src # zfs create system/var # zfs create -o exec=off -o setuid=off system/var/backups # zfs create -o compression=on -o exec=off -o setuid=off system/var/crash # zfs create -o exec=off -o setuid=off system/var/db # zfs create -o exec=on -o compression=on -o setuid=off system/var/db/pkg # zfs create -o exec=off -o setuid=off system/var/empty # zfs create -o compression=on -o exec=off -o setuid=off system/var/log # zfs create -o compression=on -o exec=off -o setuid=off system/var/mail # zfs create -o exec=off -o setuid=off system/var/run # zfs create -o compression=on -o setuid=off system/var/tmp # chmod 1777 /mnt/var/tmp # zpool set bootfs=system system # mkdir -p /mnt/boot/zfs # cp /var/tmp/zpool.cache /mnt/boot/zfs/zpool.cache
⇒ Continuer l'install, ouvrir un shell à la fin de l'install
# echo 'zfs_load="YES"' >> /boot/loader.conf # echo 'vfs.root.mountfrom="zfs:system"' >> /boot/loader.conf # echo 'zfs_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf # cd /media # mkdir cdrom flash
- /etc/fstab
# Device Mountpoint FStype Options Dump Pass# /dev/gpt/swap0 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/gpt/swap1 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/cd0 /media/cdrom cd9660 ro,noauto 0 0
- Après premier boot
# zfs set readonly=on system/var/empty # rm /etc/motd
FreeBSD ports
- Mise à jour
# portsnap fetch extract # portsnap fetch update
- Install
cd /usr/ports/net/samba41 make install clean
FreeBSD packages
pkg update pkg search xxxxxxx pkg install xxxxxxx pkg info -D -x subsonic-jetty-5.2.1
Empêcher routes dynamiques
- /etc/sysctl.conf
net.inet.ip.redirect=0 net.inet.icmp.drop_redirect=1 net.inet.icmp.log_redirect=0
Monter image ISO
mdconfig -a -t vnode -f /path/to/image.iso -u 1 mount -t cd9660 /dev/md1 /mnt/cdrom
Démonter image ISO
mount -u /mnt/cdrom mdconfig -d -u 1
Augmenter la taille d'un zpool mirroré
On a un zpool dataZP de 4 Go et on veut le faire passer à 8 Go. On retire un premier disque de 4 Go qu'on remplace par un disque de 8 Go. Puis on remplace le disque restant de 4 Go par un nouveau disque de 8 Go.
- Soit la config ci-dessous :
[root@freebsdVM ~]# egrep 'da[0-9]' /var/run/dmesg.boot|grep MB|grep -v trans da0: 8192MB (16777216 512 byte sectors: 255H 63S/T 1044C) da1: 8192MB (16777216 512 byte sectors: 255H 63S/T 1044C) da2: 4096MB (8388608 512 byte sectors: 255H 63S/T 522C) da3: 4096MB (8388608 512 byte sectors: 255H 63S/T 522C)
[root@freebsdVM ~]# zpool status dataZP
pool: dataZP
state: ONLINE
scan: scrub repaired 0 in 0h0m with 0 errors on Fri Nov 6 11:33:06 2015
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
dataZP ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
da3 ONLINE 0 0 0
da2 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
[root@freebsdVM ~]# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE FRAG EXPANDSZ CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT dataZP 3.98G 164K 3.98G 0% - 0% 1.00x ONLINE - zroot 5.97G 1.06G 4.91G 10% - 17% 1.00x ONLINE -
- On retire un disque de 4 Go :
[root@freebsdVM ~]# zpool status dataZP
pool: dataZP
state: DEGRADED
status: One or more devices has been removed by the administrator.
Sufficient replicas exist for the pool to continue functioning in a
degraded state.
action: Online the device using 'zpool online' or replace the device with
'zpool replace'.
scan: scrub repaired 0 in 0h0m with 0 errors on Fri Nov 6 11:33:06 2015
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
dataZP DEGRADED 0 0 0
mirror-0 DEGRADED 0 0 0
15131538193711764791 REMOVED 0 0 0 was /dev/da3
da2 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
- On ajoute un disque de 8 Go :
[root@freebsdVM ~]# diskinfo -v da3 |grep bytes
8589934592 # mediasize in bytes (8.0G)
- On l'ajoute au pool :
zpool online dataZP da3
- On retire le disque de 4 Go restant et on ajoute un disque de 8 Go :
[root@freebsdVM ~]# zpool online dataZP da2
- On étend le ZP :
⇒ cf. EXPANDSZ = 4G
[root@freebsdVM ~]# zpool list NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE FRAG EXPANDSZ CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT dataZP 3.98G 172K 3.98G 0% 4G 0% 1.00x ONLINE - zroot 5.97G 1.06G 4.91G 10% - 17% 1.00x ONLINE -
zpool online -e dataZP da2 zpool online -e dataZP da3
NAME SIZE ALLOC FREE FRAG EXPANDSZ CAP DEDUP HEALTH ALTROOT dataZP 7.98G 310K 7.98G 0% - 0% 1.00x ONLINE - zroot 5.97G 1.06G 4.91G 10% - 17% 1.00x ONLINE -
Exclure package - upgrade
[root@nas /var/log]# pkg lock nut-2.7.3_3 nut-2.7.3_3: lock this package? [y/N]: y Locking nut-2.7.3_3